Prehospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS) Practice Test

What is the recommended approach when managing a trauma patient with major hemorrhage?

1. Immediate surgery to control bleeding

2. Administration of intravenous antibiotics

3. Rapid fluid resuscitation and control of hemorrhage

4. Monitoring vital signs for changes

The correct answer is: Rapid fluid resuscitation and control of hemorrhage

The recommended approach when managing a trauma patient with major hemorrhage focuses on rapid fluid resuscitation and control of hemorrhage. This method is critical because significant blood loss can lead to shock and organ failure, making immediate action essential. Rapid fluid resuscitation involves the administration of intravenous fluids to maintain adequate blood volume and pressure, thus ensuring sufficient perfusion to vital organs. The priority is to restore circulating volume quickly to counteract the effects of hypovolemia, especially in trauma settings where patients often present with significant blood loss. Controlling hemorrhage is equally vital. This can involve direct pressure to the wound, the application of tourniquets for extremity injuries, and, in some cases, surgical intervention if bleeding cannot be managed through external means. The dual objectives of managing hemorrhage and maintaining hemodynamic stability are essential components of trauma care protocols aimed at improving survival rates. Other options, while related to trauma care, do not prioritize the immediate life-threatening aspects of major hemorrhage. For instance, immediate surgery may not always be feasible or safe in the initial assessment phase, and monitoring vital signs, while important, does not actively address the critical need to address blood loss. Similarly, the administration of intravenous antibiotics, although necessary in certain contexts